{"id":2568,"date":"2026-07-06T07:51:32","date_gmt":"2026-07-06T07:51:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/?p=2568"},"modified":"2026-07-06T07:57:18","modified_gmt":"2026-07-06T07:57:18","slug":"ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/articles\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 Nginx \u043d\u0430 VPS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"\/ru\/vps-hosting\/\" type=\"link\" id=\"\/ru\/vps-hosting\/\">VPS<\/a> \u0441 Ubuntu 20.04\/22.04\/24.04 \u0438\u043b\u0438 Debian 11\/12.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 sudo, \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043f\u043e SSH.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d (\u0434\u043b\u044f HTTPS) \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b 80\/443 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Nginx \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt update &amp;&amp; sudo apt -y upgrade\nsudo apt -y install nginx\nsudo systemctl enable --now nginx\ncurl -I http:\/\/127.0.0.1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f-Nginx.png\" alt=\"\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f Nginx\" class=\"wp-image-2570\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f-Nginx.png 768w, https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f-Nginx-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 200 OK. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 Nginx \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \/var\/www\/html\/.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u043c HTTP\/HTTPS \u0432 UFW \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0443<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl status nginx --no-pager\nsudo ufw allow 'Nginx Full'   # \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b 80 \u0438 443\nsudo ufw enable\nsudo ufw status<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0414\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454\u043c\u043e-HTTP-HTTPS.png\" alt=\"\u0414\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454\u043c\u043e HTTP HTTPS\" class=\"wp-image-2571\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0414\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454\u043c\u043e-HTTP-HTTPS.png 768w, https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0414\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454\u043c\u043e-HTTP-HTTPS-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 UFW \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u2014 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b 80\/443 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440\u0435\/\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo mkdir -p \/var\/www\/example.com\/html\necho 'Hello from Nginx!' | sudo tee \/var\/www\/example.com\/html\/index.html\nsudo chown -R $USER:$USER \/var\/www\/example.com<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u043c\u043e-\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433.png\" alt=\"\u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u043c\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\" class=\"wp-image-2572\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u043c\u043e-\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433.png 768w, https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u043c\u043e-\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433: \/var\/www\/&lt;\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d&gt;\/html.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c server block (\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043b <strong>\/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/example.com<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>server {\n  listen 80;\n  server_name example.com www.example.com;\n\n  root \/var\/www\/example.com\/html;\n  index index.html index.php;\n\n  location \/ {\n    try_files $uri $uri\/ =404;\n  }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u043c\u043e-server-block.png\" alt=\"\u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u043c\u043e server block\" class=\"wp-image-2573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u043c\u043e-server-block.png 768w, https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0421\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044e\u0454\u043c\u043e-server-block-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo ln -s \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/example.com \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/\nsudo nginx -t     # syntax is ok\nsudo systemctl reload nginx\ncurl -I http:\/\/example.com<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e-\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442.png\" alt=\"\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\" class=\"wp-image-2574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e-\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442.png 768w, https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e-\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 nginx -t \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u2014 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433 (\u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c root, \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0442. \u0434.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Gzip \u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 security-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b <strong>\/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/optimizations.conf<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># Gzip (\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u044b)\ngzip on;\ngzip_comp_level 5;\ngzip_min_length 1024;\ngzip_types text\/plain text\/css application\/json application\/javascript application\/xml text\/xml application\/rss xml image\/svg xml;\n\n# Security-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 (\u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435)\nadd_header X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN always;\nadd_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff always;\nadd_header Referrer-Policy strict-origin-when-cross-origin always;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo nginx -t &amp;&amp; sudo systemctl reload nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Gzip-\u0456-\u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0456-security-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438.png\" alt=\"Gzip \u0456 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0456 security-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438\" class=\"wp-image-2575\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Gzip-\u0456-\u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0456-security-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438.png 768w, https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Gzip-\u0456-\u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0456-security-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 CSP\/Permissions-Policy \u2014 \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u00ab\u0443\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\u00bb \u0444\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0434.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>HTTPS \u0437\u0430 2 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b (Let\u2019s Encrypt)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt -y install certbot python3-certbot-nginx\nsudo certbot --nginx -d example.com -d www.example.com\n# \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\nsystemctl status certbot.timer<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/HTTPS-\u0437\u0430-2-\u0445\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438.png\" alt=\"HTTPS \u0437\u0430 2 \u0445\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\" class=\"wp-image-2576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/HTTPS-\u0437\u0430-2-\u0445\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438.png 768w, https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/HTTPS-\u0437\u0430-2-\u0445\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Certbot \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442 301-\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 HTTPS \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c https:\/\/example.com.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 PHP-FPM (\u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c FPM \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a Nginx:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt -y install php-fpm<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 (\/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/example.com) \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>location ~ \\.php$ {\n  include snippets\/fastcgi-php.conf;\n  fastcgi_pass unix:\/run\/php\/php8.2-fpm.sock;   #\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044e\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u043c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo nginx -t &amp;&amp; sudo systemctl reload nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"461\" src=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u041f\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430-PHP-FPM.png\" alt=\"\u041f\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430 PHP-FPM\" class=\"wp-image-2577\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u041f\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430-PHP-FPM.png 768w, https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u041f\u0456\u0434\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043a\u0430-PHP-FPM-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \/var\/www\/example.com\/html\/info.php \u0441 &lt;?php phpinfo(); ?>, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c\u00a0<strong>\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435<\/strong>\u00a0\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041b\u043e\u0433\u0438 \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438: \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f: \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0411\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438: sudo tail -n 200 \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044e\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo systemctl status nginx\nsudo ss -tulpn | grep -E ':80|:443'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0427\u0435\u043a-\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0414\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0446\/\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f server block \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430, nginx -t \u2014 <strong>OK<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HTTP\/HTTPS \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u0432 UFW\/\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440\u0435.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0412\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b gzip \u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 security-\u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HTTPS \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043d Let\u2019s Encrypt, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>(\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f PHP) \u2014 PHP-FPM \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d, \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b info.php \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f AlmaLinux\/Rocky\/CentOS (\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e RHEL)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo dnf -y install nginx\nsudo systemctl enable --now nginx\nsudo firewall-cmd --add-service=http --add-service=https --permanent\nsudo firewall-cmd --reload\n# \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\/\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438:\n# root \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html \u0438\u043b\u0438 \/var\/www\/&lt;\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d&gt;\/html\n# \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0438: \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf \u0456 \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/*.conf\nsudo dnf -y install certbot python3-certbot-nginx\nsudo certbot --nginx -d example.com -d www.example.com\nsudo dnf -y install php-fpm\n# fastcgi_pass unix:\/run\/php-fpm\/www.sock (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Nginx \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u041e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 200 OK. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 Nginx \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \/var\/www\/html\/. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u043c HTTP\/HTTPS \u0432 <a href=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/articles\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\/\" class=\"cube-excerpt-more\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2569,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[112],"tags":[122],"class_list":["post-2568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-vps"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 Nginx \u043d\u0430 VPS - KUB<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/articles\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 Nginx \u043d\u0430 VPS - KUB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 Nginx \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u041e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 200 OK. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 Nginx \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \/var\/www\/html\/. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0435\u043c HTTP\/HTTPS \u0432 Read more\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/articles\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"KUB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-06T07:51:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-06T07:57:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/kub.ua\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f-\u0442\u0430-\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f-Nginx-\u043d\u0430-VPS.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"velapolina@gmail.com\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"velapolina@gmail.com\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044b\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kub.ua\\\/ru\\\/articles\\\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kub.ua\\\/ru\\\/articles\\\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"velapolina@gmail.com\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kub.ua\\\/ru\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/06cbc7a5586dad29ea3e270820b25851\"},\"headline\":\"\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 Nginx \u043d\u0430 VPS\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-06T07:51:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-06T07:57:18+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kub.ua\\\/ru\\\/articles\\\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":291,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kub.ua\\\/ru\\\/articles\\\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kub.ua\\\/ru\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f-\u0442\u0430-\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f-Nginx-\u043d\u0430-VPS.png\",\"keywords\":[\"VPS\"],\"articleSection\":[\"blog\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ru-RU\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kub.ua\\\/ru\\\/articles\\\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kub.ua\\\/ru\\\/articles\\\/ustanovka-i-nastrojka-nginx-na-vps\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 Nginx \u043d\u0430 VPS - 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